Water molecules in motion: Unveiling the secrets of 2D materials
Water molecules in motion
A. Tamtögl - TU Graz
Unlocking the potential of surface design
The world of 2D materials is a fascinating one, and now, scientists have uncovered a surprising twist in the behavior of water molecules on these materials. This unexpected behavior reveals how even the tiniest variations in a material's atomic structure can have a significant impact on how water moves at the nanoscale. This discovery opens up exciting possibilities for designing surfaces that can control friction, wetting, and ice formation, offering scientists a powerful tool to manipulate water at the nanoscale.
To capture the intricate dance of water molecules, the Graz team employed a highly sensitive technique called helium spin-echo spectroscopy. This method allows researchers to track the motion of individual molecules without causing any disturbance. Additionally, researchers at Surrey utilized advanced computer simulations to model the atomic-level interactions, providing a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon.
The experiments and simulations revealed a fascinating insight: water experiences reduced friction on h-BN, especially when the material is supported by nickel. This allows water molecules to move more freely. In contrast, on graphene, the underlying metal strengthens the interaction between the molecule and the surface, leading to increased friction and a less smooth movement.
The role of support material
"The support beneath the 2D material is crucial and can dramatically alter water behavior," explains Anton Tamtögl from the Institute of Experimental Physics at TU Graz. "It can even reverse our expectations. By tuning how water moves with the right choice of material and substrate, we could design surfaces that control wetting or resist icing. These insights have the potential to revolutionize technologies that rely on manipulating water at the nanoscale, from advanced coatings and lubricants to desalination membranes."
Original publication
Phillip Seiler, Anthony J. R. Payne, Neubi F. Xavier Jr, Louie Slocombe, Marco Sacchi, Anton Tamtögl; "Understanding water behaviour on 2D material interfaces through single-molecule motion on h-BN and graphene"; Nature Communications, Volume 16, 2025-11-25
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